Michael B. Cannone, DO
Hip & Knee Reconstruction
Shin splints are a common source of discomfort for runners, athletes, and anyone who engages in high-impact activities. In this article, we’ll explore everything you need to know about shin splints, from identifying symptoms to strategies for preventing this painful condition in the future.
Our specialized team at OrthoNeuro provides comprehensive care for conditions like shin splints, offering services across multiple locations in Columbus, Ohio. Book an appointment with us today!
What Are Shin Splints?
Shin splints (medically known as medial tibial stress syndrome) refer to shin pain along the shin bone (tibia) — the large bone in the front of your lower leg. Shin splints have different names according to which part of your leg is affected. Anterior shin splints affect the outer side of your shin and medial shin splints affect the inside.
This condition commonly affects runners, dancers, and athletes who engage in activities that place significant stress on the lower legs. Although shin splints are often manageable, ignoring the pain of shin splints can lead to more severe injuries over time, such as stress fractures.
- About Shin Splints
Risk factors for shin splints include having flat feet, as well as working out with improper or worn-out footwear.
Symptoms of Shin Splints
The most common symptoms of shin splints include dull, aching shin pain along the front or inner part of the shin bone. You might notice:
- Tenderness or soreness along the shin bone
- Mild swelling in the lower leg
- The pain of shin splints worsens with exercise but decreases with rest
- Pain that can be sharp and stabbing in some cases
These symptoms typically develop gradually and can become more intense if the condition is left untreated.
Causes and Risk Factors
Shin splints are primarily caused by repetitive stress on the muscles, tendons, and bones that support the shin. Some common factors contributing to shin splints include:
- Overuse: Engaging in high-impact activities like running, especially on hard surfaces, can lead to shin splints.
- Flat Feet: Those with flat feet or abnormal foot arches are at a higher risk due to uneven distribution of weight.
- Improper Footwear: Wearing shoes that don’t provide adequate support increases the likelihood of shin splints.
- Sudden Increase in Activity: Jumping into a rigorous exercise routine without gradually building up endurance can overload the muscles, tendons, and bone around the shin.
Athletes, military personnel, and people who are new to high-impact exercise routines are particularly at risk.
Examination and Diagnosis
If you suspect shin splints, it’s essential to consult a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis. During the examination, your physician will evaluate your medical history and perform a physical exam, focusing on areas of tenderness, inflammation, and mobility.
In some cases, imaging tests like X-rays or MRIs might be recommended to rule out other conditions, such as a stress fracture or compartment syndrome, which can have similar symptoms.
Treatment for Shin Splints
Treating shin splints typically involves a combination of rest, ice, and supportive care. Key steps include:
- Rest: Take a break from high-impact activities to allow the inflamed tissues, including bone tissue, to heal.
- Ice Therapy: Apply ice packs to the affected area to reduce pain and inflammation.
- Compression and Elevation: Wrapping the leg and keeping it elevated can help with mild swelling.
- Pain Relief: Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen can alleviate discomfort.
- Gradual Return to Activity: You should wait for two weeks after the pain subsides before returning to exercise. The amount of time you exercise and the intensity should be less than before you stopped. Increase time and intensity slowly.
In more severe cases, physical therapy might be needed to correct muscle imbalances, improve flexibility, and learn proper techniques to prevent recurrence.
Signs Your Shin Splints Have Healed
Knowing when your shin splints are fully healed is crucial to avoid re-injury. Signs that you’re ready to resume normal activities include:
- Absence of shin pain during daily activities and exercise
- No tenderness when pressing on the shin area
- Full range of motion in your leg without discomfort
It’s important to reintroduce activity slowly, even after you feel better, to ensure that your shin splints don’t return.
How to Prevent Shin Splints
Preventing shin splints involves focusing on proper training techniques and maintaining healthy habits. Here are some tips:
- Wear Proper Footwear: Invest in shoes that offer the right support for your foot type and replace them regularly.
- Gradual Progression: Increase the intensity and duration of your workouts gradually to allow your body to adapt.
- Strengthen Your Legs: Focus on exercises that target your lower legs, calves, and feet to build strength and endurance.
- Stretch Regularly: Incorporate shin splint stretches, especially for your calves and Achilles tendon, to maintain flexibility.
- Cross-Train: Mix in low-impact activities like swimming or cycling to avoid overstressing your shins.
Get Expert Care for Shin Splints
If you’re experiencing persistent shin pain, it’s time to seek professional care. At OrthoNeuro, our team of experienced orthopedic specialists in Columbus, OH, provides personalized treatment plans to help you recover quickly and prevent future injuries. Schedule a consultation today to take the first step toward recovery!
Medically reviewed by Scott A. Smith, MD, FAAOS
Medically reviewed by
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