Ying H. Chen, DO, FACOS
Neurosurgeon
Scoliosis is a spinal deformity that causes either an S-shaped or C-shaped curvature of the spine. Scoliosis can occur in any of the three sections of the spine: the cervical spine (neck), thoracic spine (chest and upper back), and lumbar spine (lower back).
The condition is commonly seen in adolescents but can also develop progressively as an adult. It’s important to schedule a consultation with a spine specialist if you believe you are experiencing scoliosis pain.
In some cases, adult scoliosis causes no other symptoms other than those that can be seen as physical imbalances (curvature of the spine, misalignment of hips, and misalignment of shoulders). However, in other cases, scoliosis may cause pain and other issues such as sciatica, spine fractures, or the compression of internal organs.
There are different types of scoliosis, and the types vary according to the causes of scoliosis.
The types of scoliosis are divided into 5 main groups:
Idiopathic scoliosis – It is by far the most common type of scoliosis, and it is also the only type that does not have a definite origin. It represents more than half the cases in the world. When it begins after puberty, it is often referred to as adult idiopathic scoliosis.
Neuromuscular scoliosis – It occurs due to neurological and muscular primary alterations, such as “muscular dystrophy,” myelomeningocele, or Chiari malformation.
Congenital scoliosis – It is caused by malformations in the bones of the spine (vertebrae) and hip from birth.
Traumatic scoliosis – As the name suggests, it originates from a strong blow or accident to the spine.
Adult degenerative scoliosis – It develops over time as you age because of wear and tear.
There are 3 degrees of adult scoliosis. These degrees can change over time, so it is essential to be regularly examined based on your spine specialist’s recommendation.
The degrees of scoliosis are:
Your spine specialist will usually begin by considering your medical history and performing a physical exam to look for the symptoms of adult scoliosis. The primary diagnostic tool used in diagnosing scoliosis is an X-ray, which can help measure the degree of spinal curvature.
Other diagnostic tools may be used if the curvature is non-idiopathic, you have atypical curve patterns, or congenital scoliosis. These diagnostic tools may include an MRI scan or a CT scan. It is important that you get an early diagnosis of scoliosis to ensure greater success with your treatment.
Determining the treatment for scoliosis typically depends on the severity of the scoliosis and any physically limiting symptoms.
Patients may be monitored over months or years to see if there are any changes in the curvature and if that change is causing other symptoms or limitations, as well as the age of the patient.
At OrthoNeuro, our board-certified spine specialists offer various non-surgical and surgical treatment options based on your unique scoliosis cause, curvature, and progression. Surgical procedures are usually reserved for those with severe back or leg pain and spinal imbalance.
The board-certified spine specialists at OrthoNeuro are experts in scoliosis and spinal surgery. They have helped thousands of patients live an active and healthy lifestyle.
If you have scoliosis, schedule an appointment with one of our board-certified spine specialists at one of our many convenient locations throughout Greater Columbus.
We will evaluate your unique lifestyle and goals to determine which type of treatment is best for you.
Medically reviewed by Larry T. Todd, D.O.
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