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What is Whiplash?

What is whiplash injury, and how is it treated?

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Whiplash is a common neck injury that can cause lasting discomfort and limit mobility. Understanding whiplash symptoms, causes, and treatment options can help you take the right steps toward recovery.

At OrthoNeuro, our team of spine specialists provides expert care for whiplash and other neck injuries at multiple locations in Columbus, Ohio. If you’re experiencing neck pain or stiffness, book your appointment with us today!

Whiplash Injuries Explained

Whiplash is a type of neck sprain caused by the rapid forward and backward motion of the head. This sudden movement can strain or tear neck muscles, ligaments, and tendons, leading to pain and stiffness. 

Whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) refer to a range of symptoms that can develop after this type of injury, affecting not only the neck but sometimes the shoulders, upper back, and even cognitive function.

While acute whiplash typically improves within weeks, some people develop chronic pain and long-term complications. Early diagnosis and proper whiplash treatment are key to a full recovery.

  • About Whiplash

Whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) refer to a range of symptoms that can develop after this type of injury, affecting not only the neck but sometimes the shoulders, upper back, and even cognitive function.

Causes of Whiplash Injury

The most common cause of whiplash injury is a car accident, particularly rear-end collisions. However, other events can also result in whiplash, including:

  • Sports-related impacts, such as tackles in football
  • Physical assaults or falls
  • Rollercoaster rides and other amusement park accidents
  • Sudden jolts or blows to the head

These forceful movements can overextend the neck muscles and soft tissues, leading to inflammation and pain.

Symptoms of Whiplash Injury

Whiplash symptoms may not appear immediately after the injury but can develop within hours or days.

Common symptoms include:

  • Neck pain and stiffness
  • Reduced range of motion in the neck
  • Headaches, often starting at the base of the skull
  • Shoulder, upper back, or arm pain
  • Dizziness and fatigue
  • Muscle weakness or tenderness in the neck
  • Tingling or numbness in the arms
  • Difficulty concentrating or memory problems

Severe cases may also lead to chronic pain and long-term mobility issues. If symptoms worsen or persist, it’s crucial to seek medical attention.

How is Whiplash Diagnosed?

To diagnose whiplash, a doctor will conduct a physical examination and inquire about the injury and its associated symptoms. They may evaluate your neck’s range of motion, strength, and reflexes.

Imaging tests like X-rays, MRIs, or CT scans can help rule out fractures or other serious neck or spine injuries. Although these tests do not always reveal soft tissue damage, they can be useful in assessing the severity of the condition.

How is Whiplash Treated?

Whiplash treatment focuses on reducing pain and restoring normal range of motion. In most cases, a combination of home care and medical treatments can provide relief. Common treatment options include:

Rest and Pain Management

  • Applying ice or heat to reduce swelling and discomfort
  • Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen
  • Prescription medications for severe pain if needed

Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation

  • Gentle stretching and strengthening exercises for neck muscles
  • Physical therapy to improve mobility and prevent stiffness
  • Postural training and ergonomic adjustments to avoid further strain

Advanced Treatment Options

  • Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) to help reduce pain
  • Manual therapy techniques such as massage or chiropractic care
  • Injections for inflammation or chronic pain management

Most cases of acute whiplash improve with conservative care, but persistent symptoms may require specialized treatment.

When Should I See a Doctor for Whiplash?

You should seek medical attention if you experience:

  • Persistent neck pain that does not improve with rest
  • Severe pain that interferes with daily activities
  • Tingling, numbness, or muscle weakness in the arms
  • Difficulty moving your neck or significant stiffness
  • Headaches or dizziness that worsen over time

Ignoring whiplash symptoms can lead to chronic pain and long-term complications. Seeking early treatment from a spine specialist can ensure a faster and more complete recovery.

Expert Whiplash Treatment at OrthoNeuro

If you’re suffering from a whiplash injury, our team at OrthoNeuro offers expert diagnosis and treatment to help you recover and heal. With multiple locations in Columbus, OH, our specialists provide comprehensive care for neck injuries, from acute whiplash to whiplash-associated disorders.

Don’t let neck pain disrupt your life. Schedule an appointment today and take the first step toward relief!

Medically reviewed by Braden J. Passias, DO

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